Cuirass is a white marking that appears on a Courser's chest and resembes an armored breastplate.
It is always present on the upper half of the chest, but can spread over the shoulders, neck and barrel.
Cuirass will never touch the mane or cross the topline. It will never touch the belly or "connect" behind the forelegs.
Scalloped edges and unnatural patterns and shapes are possible, but should not be so intricate as to resemble Filigree.
Though large cut-outs are possible, Cuirass will never have holes or spots.

Cuirass markings are always perfectly symmetrical.

Genotype: Cu_
Locus:  Shares a locus with Crowned.

• Coat: Cuirass is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: Not affected.
• Skin: Not affected.
• Eyes: Not affected.
• Hooves: Not affected.

Range:

• Minimum: White marking covering the upper half of the chest and extending at least to middle of the shoulder.
• Maximum: White marking covering entire chest and front of the neck, from the bottom of the pectorals to the throatlatch. Will never reach the top of the neck/mane, the belly, or past the front third of the barrel.

Interactions:

• Filigree: All modifications made to a Cuirass marking by Filigree will be symmetrical.

Harlequin is a white marking that presents as a series of vaguely diamond-shaped markings connected at the corners.

Harlequin tends to "radiate out" from a single place, with rings of connected diamonds all pointing towards one point, usually the poll or the croup.
Diamond markings vary in size but must be no smaller than the horse's eye and no larger than the horse's head.
Diamonds may be disconnected from the rest of the Harlequin pattern as long as they are oriented in the same direction as the rest of the marking.
Most diamonds should be connected, however "breaks" or gaps in rings of diamonds are acceptable.
Harlequin markings will never have jagged edges, holes, or spots.

Genotype: Hq_
Locus:  Not shared with any known genes

• Coat: Harlequin is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: White where touching marking.
• Skin: Pink under marking.
• Eyes: Can cause blue eyes.
• Hooves: Not affected.

Range:

• Minimum: Two white diamond-shaped markings connected at the corners. The diamonds must be somewhere on the barrel or neck, and must be at least the size of the horse's eye.
• Maximum: A pattern of diamonds that covers the entire neck, head, barrel, and hindquarters. Up to two legs (either both forelegs or both hind legs) may have diamond markings.

Interactions:

• Chimera & Somatic: Chimera and Somatic markings have an unusual tendency to "fill" the spaces between Harlequin diamonds. Additionally, horses with both Harlequin and the Chimera anomaly can sometimes display two different colors of Chimera markings.

Blanched is a white marking that presents as lightening of the coat on the face and legs, like an inverse of Roan.

Blanched can be a subtle lightening of the base color or bold white.
Blanched should blend evenly and gradually into the coat.
Unless False Leopard is present, Blanched will not have holes or spots.

Genotype: B_
Locus:  Blanched, False Leopard

• Coat: Blanched is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: Not affected.
• Skin: Not affected.
• Eyes: Not affected.
• Hooves: Not affected.

Range:

• Minimum: Subtle lightening of the coat on the pasterns and front of the face.
• Maximum: Bold whitening of the coat on the head and upper half of the neck, and the entirety of the legs.

Interactions:

• False Leopard: When Blanched and False Leopard are both present, False Leopard creates holes in Blanched markings rather than creating new lightened areas.
• Roan: When Blanched and Roan are both present, Roan can be hidden.

Filigree is a white marking that appears as elegant swirls that branch out of other white markings, including free white.

Filigree will always reach "out" of other markings, and will never "cut in" to them or make them smaller.
Filigree can be completely hidden, and does not have to interact with all white markings present.
Filigree will always have crisp, smooth edges.

Genotype: fefe
Locus:  Not shared with any known genes

• Coat: Filigree is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: White where touching marking.
• Skin: Pink under marking.
• Eyes: Not affected.
• Hooves: Cream when touching marking.

Range:

• Minimum: Filigree can be hidden.
• Maximum: Filigree markings can span across the entire body part where a marking is present (e.g., an entire leg, the entire barrel, the entire head).

Interactions:

• Cuirass: All modifications made to a Cuirass marking by Filigree will be symmetrical.
• Roan, Blanched, False Leopard, Rabicano, Sabino: Filigree does not interact with white markings that have blended, broken, or speckled edges.

Crowned is a white marking (or group of markings) on top of a Courser's head.

Crowned is always vaguely symmetrical, and may be made of a single marking (with or without cut-outs) or an arrangement of small markings.
The shapes making up Crowned may be "unnatural" should be simple: stripes, spots, or splotches.
Crowned should not appear overly intricate. Crowned will never resemble religious symbols or lettering.
The edges of Crowned may be crisp or gradually blended into the base coat.

Genotype: Cw_
Locus: Shares a locus with Cuirass.

• Coat: Crowned is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: Not affected.
• Skin: Pink under marking.
• Eyes: Not affected.
• Hooves: Not affected.

Range:

• Minimum: A symmetrical marking on the forehead, at least the size of the horse's eye.
• Maximum: A symmetrical marking that covers the forehead, ears, and cheeks, but does not reach the muzzle.

Interactions:

• Filigree: All modifications made to a Crowned marking by Filigree will be symmetrical.

Splash is a white marking that appears to "spilling" upward from the horse's legs or face.
Splash can be totally hidden. It can also cause high white on one or all legs, or the spreading of face markings.
Splash's borders should be crisp and somewhat jagged, without holes or cut-outs.
If Splash only touches the bottom of the tailbone, it may cause only the bottom half of the tail to be white.

Genotype: Spl_
Locus:  Not shared with any known genes

• Coat: Splash is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: White where touching marking.
• Skin: Pink underneath marking.
• Eyes: Can cause blue eyes, even if the marking is not touching the face.
• Hooves: Cream where touching marking.

Range:

• Minimum: Splash can be completely hidden.
• Maximum: White marking covering all legs, face, and underside of body with the base color showing only on the topline. Splash may only "touch" at the topline in one place, for no longer than the horse's head; the rest of the topline must be visible.

Roan is a lightening of the coat visible on the horse's barrel.
It may cause a light, grayish appearance compared to the base color or turn the coat nearly white.
"Corn Marks" may form in places where the horse's skin was damaged and healed with the base coat color showing through.
Roan should fade gradually into the base color at its edges.

Genotype: Rn_
Locus:  Roan is a KIT gene mutation, along with Tobiano, Sabino, and Dominant White. A horse may carry only two KIT gene mutations.

• Coat: Roan is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: Not affected.
• Skin: Not affected.
• Eyes: Not affected.
• Hooves: Not affected.

Range:

• Minimum: Visible lightening of base coat on top of the hindquarters.
• Maximum: Near-white lightening of the barrel and neck, with the base coat color visible above the horse's jaw and below the knees/hocks.

Interactions:

• Blanched: When Blanched and Roan are both present, Roan may be hidden.
• Filigree: Filigree and Roan do not interact.
• Chestnut: When Roan is on a Chestnut base coat, the phenotype will read "Red Roan."
• Black: When Roan is on a Black base coat, the phenotype will read "Blue Roan."

Example art by neb!

Tobiano is a vertical white marking that descends from the topline, most commonly the withers or croup.
Tobiano will not cause irregular face markings.
"Cat tracks" or holes in Tobiano markings are common.
Tobiano should have crisp, smooth curved edges.

Genotype: T_
Locus:  Tobiano is a KIT gene mutation, along with Roan, Sabino, and Dominant White. A horse may carry only two KIT gene mutations.

• Coat: Tobiano is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: White where marking touches.
• Skin: Pink underneath marking.
• Eyes: Not affected.
• Hooves: Cream where marking touches.

Range:

• Minimum: White socks (at least halfway to the knees or hocks) on both front or both hind legs.
• Maximum: White that covers most of the body except the head, ears, chest, and flanks.

Interactions:

• Overo: When Tobiano and Overo are both present, the phenotype will read 'Tovero'

Example art by neb!

Snowflake is a white marking that expresses as small white dots over a horse's body.
Placement of Snowflake spots is mostly random, though concentrations over a particular part of the barrel or neck are common.
Spots may vary in size, but in general should not be larger than the horse's eye.
Dense patches of small spots are possible, but should not resemble Roan.

Genotype: nLp
Locus:  Snowflake is part of the Leopard Complex group of patterns, along with Snowcap, Blanket, Leopard, Varnish Roan, and Fewspot.

• Coat: Snowflake is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: May turn white where touching marking.
• Skin: May cause pink speckled skin.
• Eyes: Not affected.
• Hooves: May cause tan-striped hooves.

Range:

• Minimum: A few sparse white spots scattered over the body at  random above the hocks/knees. 
• Maximum: Dense white spots over the body above the hocks/knees that vary in size and seem to "flow" in a similar direction. 

Example art by neb!

Overo is a white marking that spreads from the center of the body.
It usually appears on the side of the barrel and spreads outwards to the "edges" of the body.
Overo rarely affects the legs, and tends to spread on the side of the leg closest to the belly.
Overo causes irregular spreading of face markings, and can create bald face or badger face markings.
Overo should have crisp edges, which may be smooth or jagged.

Genotype: O_
Locus:  Not shared with any known genes

• Coat: Overo is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: Mane will be white where marking touches. Overo cannot touch the tail.
• Skin: Pink underneath marking.
• Eyes: Can be blue, even if the marking does not touch them.
• Hooves: Cream where marking touches.

Range:

• Minimum: Overo can be hidden entirely.
• Maximum: Irregular white that spreads out from the belly. White markings should not touch the topline or "cross" the center of the horse anywhere but the belly.

Interactions:

• Tobiano: When Tobiano and Overo are both present, the phenotype will read "Tovero."
• ❗ Lethal White: Homozygous Overo (OO) results in a fatal condition known as 'Lethal White Syndrome.'  If a breeding results in a foal with OO, that foal cannot be born. Slots and items will still be consumed, so plan your breedings with care!

Notable Variations:

• Badger Face: A distinctive marking that resembles a "reverse blaze" with the base coat showing on the front of the face and white on either side.

Example art by neb!

Blanket is a white marking that expresses as a spotted patch of white on the horse's croup.
Blanket spots are randomly placed and vary in size, but in general should not be larger than the horse's hoof.
Blankets may be surrounded by patches of coat that are lightened (resembling Roan) or occasional spots darker than the base color (see examples below).

Genotype: nLp patn
Locus:  Blanket is part of the Leopard Complex group of patterns, along with Snowflake, Snowcap, Leopard, Varnish Roan, and Fewspot.

• Coat: Blanket is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: Typically unaffected, though white hair or white roots where touching are acceptable.
• Skin: May cause pink speckled skin.
• Eyes: Not affected.
• Hooves: May cause tan-striped hooves.

Range:

• Minimum: A spotted white patch visible on the top third of the hindquarters.
• Maximum: Spotted white that covers the hindquarters and barrel as far forward as the withers. May affect the legs in irregular strips/patches or cause irregular face markings. The base coat will show on the face, neck, chest, and shoulders.

Leopard is a white marking that covers the body, with the base coat showing through in a spotted pattern.
Spots are randomly placed but should affect the entire body and be visibly more numerous than Fewspot.
Spots vary in size, but in general should be about the size of the horse's eye and never larger than the horse's head.

Genotype: nLp patnpatn
Locus:  Leopard is part of the Leopard Complex group of patterns, along with Snowflake, Snowcap, Blanket, Varnish Roan, and Fewspot.

• Coat: Leopard is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: White except where touching spots. May create a gradient effect on the tail.
• Skin: May cause pink speckled skin.
• Eyes: Not affected.
• Hooves: May cause tan-striped hooves.

Range:

• Minimum: A white coat with the base color showing through in sparse spots all over the body.
• Maximum: A white coat with the base color showing through in large, dense spots all over the body.

Snowcap is a white marking that expresses as a patch of white on the horse's croup.
Unlike Blanket, Snowcap is solid white, though there may be spots and speckles at its edges.

Genotype: LpLp patn
Locus:  Snowcap is part of the Leopard Complex group of patterns, along with Snowflake, Blanket, Leopard, Varnish Roan, and Fewspot.

• Coat: Snowcap is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: Not affected, mostly. White roots on the tail are acceptable.
• Skin: May cause pink speckled skin.
• Eyes: Not affected.
• Hooves: May cause tan-striped hooves.

Range:

• Minimum: A white patch visible on the top third of the hindquarters.
• Maximum: Patch of white that covers the barrel as far as the withers. Will not reach below the hocks on the hind legs, and will not affect the front legs at all. Has no effect on other white markings.

Varnish Roan is a white marking that covers the body in irregular, speckled white.
Unlike Roan, Varnish can appear anywhere on the horse and is irregular in density, often with patches of base coat showing through on the neck, cheeks, shoulders, and hindquarters.
Spots of base color can show through Varnish Roan in a pattern that resembles Blanket or Leopard.

Genotype: LpLp
Locus:  Varnish Roan is part of the Leopard Complex group of patterns, along with Snowflake, Snowcap, Blanket, Leopard and Fewspot.

• Coat: Varnish Roan is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: Not affected, mostly. White roots are acceptable.
• Skin: May cause pink speckled skin.
• Eyes: Not affected.
• Hooves: May cause tan-striped hooves.

Range:

• Minimum: A speckled white patch that covers the hindquarters and barrel, with irregular lightening and texture that differentiates it from Snowcap or Blanket.
• Maximum: A white "varnish" over the body that is patchy/speckled at the tops of the legs, the neck, the cheeks, and the top of the muzzle.  Speckles or spots of base coat may show through.

Fewspot is a white marking that covers the body, with the base coat barely showing through at all.
Only a small number of spots are possible, and should be mostly located on the hocks/knees, fetlocks, groin and elbow areas.
Color around the muzzle and eyes is possible. Spots should never be larger than the horse's eye.

Genotype: LpLp patnpatn
Locus:  Fewspot is part of the Leopard Complex group of patterns, along with Snowflake, Snowcap, Blanket, Leopard, and Varnish Roan.

• Coat: Fewspot is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: White except where touching spots. May create a gradient effect.
• Skin: May cause pink speckled skin.
• Eyes: Not affected.
• Hooves: May cause tan-striped hooves.

Range:

• Minimum: A white body with only a few small freckles of visible base color near the elbows or groin.
• Maximum: A white body with speckled color visible on the knees, hocks, groin and elbow areas, and near the eyes and muzzle, with a small number of freckles visible on the body.

Sabino is a white marking that spreads from the underside of the body, specifically from three areas: the throat, the elbow area, and the stifle area.
Sabino has jagged, speckled edges.  Minimal Sabino has crisp, clear edges, but higher-coverage Sabino causes Roan-like lightening and gradual edges.
As Sabino spreads, it remains more dense/extensive on the underside of the body.
Sabino causes irregular spreading of face markings, and can create bald face markings.

Genotype: Sb_
Locus:  Sabino is a KIT gene mutation, along with Roan, Tobiano, and Dominant White. A horse may carry only two KIT gene mutations.

• Coat: Sabino is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: Mane will be white where marking touches. Gradients or white roots are acceptable.
• Skin: Pink underneath marking.
• Eyes: Not affected.
• Hooves: Cream where marking touches.

Range:

• Minimum: Sabino can be hidden entirely.
• Maximum: Irregular white that spreads out from the throat, elbow, and stifle, with roaning and speckling around the edges.

Notable Variations:

• Badger Face: A distinctive marking that resembles a "reverse blaze" with the base coat showing on the front of the face and white on either side.
• Gulastra Plume: A white or partially-white tail with no other white visible on the body.

Example art by neb!

Dominant White covers most or all of the base coat in white.
White spreads up from the bottom of the horse, and some of the base color may show at the topline.
When Dominant White has visible edges, they are usually roaned and grainy, similar to Sabino.

Genotype: W_
Locus:  Dominant White is a KIT gene mutation, along with Roan, Tobiano, and Sabino. A horse may carry only two KIT gene mutations.

• Coat: Dominant White is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: Mane will be white where marking touches.
• Skin: Pink underneath marking.
• Eyes: Not affected.
• Hooves: Cream where marking touches.

Range:

• Minimum: White that spreads from the bottom of the body and has speckled, roan-like edges, similar to maximum Sabino.
• Maximum: A completely white coat, mane, and tail.

Interactions:

• ❗ Lethal White: Homozygous Dominant White (WW) results in a fatal condition known as 'Lethal White Syndrome.'  If a breeding results in a foal with WW, that foal cannot be born. Slots and items will still be consumed, so plan your breedings with care!

Rabicano is a vertical white marking that spreads from the flanks of the horse.
It usually appears as speckly white with vertical lines prominently visible on the barrel.
Markings can be roan-like, powdery, or grainy. Stripes can be highly visible or more subtle.

Genotype: Rb_
Locus:  Not shared with any known genes

• Coat: Rabicano is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: Mane not affected. Tail has an optional "white stripes" on either side of the top of the tail.
• Skin: Pink underneath marking- groin/flank area only.
• Eyes: Not affected.
• Hooves: Not affected.

Range:

• Minimum: White speckling near the groin/flank area.
• Maximum: White speckling from the middle of the hindquarters to the elbow. May not cross the topline.

False Leopard is a lightening of the coat visible on the horse's barrel, similar to Roan, but with spots "cut out" of it.
False Leopard spots can vary in both size and randomness; spots can optionally present in rows, be uniformly sized, or in other patterns that are more deliberate-looking than Leopard.
It may cause a light, grayish appearance compared to the base color or turn the coat nearly (but not quite) white.
Lightening caused by False Leopard should blend evenly and gradually into the coat.
Unless Blanched is present, False Leopard will not affect the legs or head (3rd example above shows False Leopard and Blanched).

Genotype: Fl_
Locus:  Blanched, False Leopard

• Coat: False Leopard is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: Not affected.
• Skin: Not affected.
• Eyes: Not affected.
• Hooves: Not affected.

Range (without Blanched):

• Minimum: Subtle lightening of the coat on one third of the barrel with visible "spots" cut out.
• Maximum: Bold whitening of the coat on the body with visible "spots" cut out.

Range (with Blanched):

• Will create spots in Blanched markings.

Interactions:

• Blanched: When Blanched and False Leopard are both present, False Leopard creates holes in Blanched markings rather than creating new lightened areas.
• Roan: When False Leopard and Roan are both present, Roan is still visible "Under" False Leopard, rather than the base coat.
• White Markings: False Leopard cannot cause spots in or interact with other white markings.