Cuirass is a white marking that appears on a Courser's chest and resembes an armored breastplate.
It is always present on the upper half of the chest, but can spread over the shoulders, neck and barrel.
Cuirass will never touch the mane or cross the topline. It will never touch the belly or "connect" behind the forelegs.
Scalloped edges and unnatural patterns and shapes are possible, but should not be so intricate as to resemble Filigree.
Though large cut-outs are possible, Cuirass will never have holes, spots, or disconnected areas.

Cuirass markings are always perfectly symmetrical.

Genotype: Cu_
Locus:  Shares a locus with Crowned.

• Coat: Cuirass is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: Not affected.
• Skin: Not affected.
• Eyes: Not affected.
• Hooves: Not affected.

Range:

• Minimum: White marking covering the upper half of the chest and extending at least to middle of the shoulder.
• Maximum: White marking covering entire chest and front of the neck, from the bottom of the pectorals to the throatlatch. Will never reach the top of the neck/mane, the belly, or past the front third of the barrel.

Interactions:

• Filigree: All modifications made to a Cuirass marking by Filigree will be symmetrical.

Harlequin is a white marking that presents as a series of vaguely diamond-shaped markings connected at the corners.

Harlequin tends to "radiate out" from a single place, with rings of connected diamonds all pointing towards one point, usually the poll or the croup.
Diamond markings vary in size but must be no smaller than the horse's eye and no larger than the horse's head.
Diamonds may be disconnected from the rest of the Harlequin pattern as long as they are oriented in the same direction as the rest of the marking.
Most diamonds should be connected, however "breaks" or gaps in rings of diamonds are acceptable.
Harlequin markings will never have jagged edges, holes, or spots.

Genotype: Hq_
Locus:  Not shared with any known genes

• Coat: Harlequin is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: White where touching marking.
• Skin: Pink under marking.
• Eyes: Can cause blue eyes.
• Hooves: Not affected.

Range:

• Minimum: Two white diamond-shaped markings connected at the corners. The diamonds must be somewhere on the barrel or neck, and must be at least the size of the horse's eye.
• Maximum: A pattern of diamonds that covers the entire neck, head, barrel, and hindquarters. Up to two legs (either both forelegs or both hind legs) may have diamond markings.

Interactions:

• Chimera & Somatic: Chimera and Somatic markings have an unusual tendency to "fill" the spaces between Harlequin diamonds. Additionally, horses with both Harlequin and the Chimera anomaly can sometimes display two different colors of Chimera markings.

(Images from left to right: Minimal Blanched on Chestnut, Maximum Blanched on Chestnut )

Blanched Range

Minimum Range:

Subtle lightening of the coat on the pasterns and front of the face.

Minimum Maximum out of range

Maximum Range:

Bold whitening of the coat on the head and upper half of the neck, and the entirety of the legs.

(Images from left to right: Filigree on Chestnut Tobiano, Filigree on Chestnut with Free White, Filigree on Chestnut Snowcap)

Filigree Range

Minimum Range:

Filigree can be hidden. Minimal expression will show as a small swirl coming off of a free white marking.

Minimum Maximum out of range

Maximum Range:

Filigree markings can span across the entire body part where a marking is present (e.g., an entire leg, the entire barrel, the entire head).

Crowned is a white marking (or group of markings) on top of a Courser's head.

Crowned is always vaguely symmetrical, and may be made of a single marking (with or without cut-outs) or an arrangement of small markings.
The shapes making up Crowned may be "unnatural" should be simple: stripes, spots, or splotches.
Crowned should not appear overly intricate so as to resemble Filigree. Crowned will never resemble religious symbols or lettering.
The edges of Crowned may be crisp or gradually blended into the base coat.

Genotype: Cw_
Locus: Shares a locus with Cuirass.

• Coat: Crowned is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: Not affected.
• Skin: Pink under marking.
• Eyes: Not affected.
• Hooves: Not affected.

Range:

• Minimum: A symmetrical marking on the forehead, at least the size of the horse's eye.
• Maximum: A symmetrical marking that covers the forehead, ears, and cheeks, but does not reach the muzzle.

Interactions:

• Filigree: All modifications made to a Crowned marking by Filigree will be symmetrical and have crisp, unblended edges.

(Images from left to right: Chestnut Splash with a more minimal visual expression, Chestnut Splash with a mid range expression, Chestnut Splash with a more maximum expression)

Splash Range

Minimum Range:

Splash can be completely hidden. When it is visible, it will always begin at the hooves and/or face. 

Minimum Maximum out of range

Maximum Range:

White marking covering all legs, face, and underside of body with the base color showing only on the topline. Splash may only "touch" at the neck in one place, for no longer than the horse's head; the rest of the horse's topline must be visible.

(Images from left to right: Minimal Roan on Chestnut, Light Roan with Corn Marks on Chestnut, Intense Roan on Chestnut.)

Roan Range

Minimum Range:

Visible lightening of base coat on top of the hindquarters.

Minimum Maximum out of range

Maximum Range:

Near-white lightening of the barrel and neck, with the base coat color visible above the horse's jaw and below the knees/hocks.

(Images from left to right: Chestnut Tobiano with a minimal visual expression, Chestnut Tobiano with a mid range expression, Chestnut Splash with a maximum expression)

Tobiano Range

Minimum Range:

Two white socks (at least halfway to the knees or hocks) on both front or both hind legs.

Minimum Maximum out of range

Maximum Range:

White that covers most of the body except the head, ears, chest, and flanks.

Snowflake is a white marking that expresses as small white dots over a horse's body.
Placement of Snowflake spots is mostly random, though concentrations over a particular part of the barrel or neck are common.
Spots may vary in size, but in general should not be larger than the horse's eye.
Dense patches of small spots are possible, but should not resemble Roan.

Genotype: nLp
Locus:  Snowflake is part of the Leopard Complex group of patterns, along with Snowcap, Blanket, Leopard, Varnish Roan, and Fewspot.

• Coat: Snowflake is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: May turn white where touching marking.
• Skin: May cause pink speckled skin.
• Eyes: Not affected.
• Hooves: May cause tan-striped hooves.

Range:

• Minimum: A few sparse white spots scattered over the body at  random above the hocks/knees. 
• Maximum: Dense white spots over the body above the hocks/knees that vary in size and seem to "flow" in a similar direction. 

Example art by neb!

(Images from left to right: Chestnut Overo with a more minimal visual expression, Chestnut Overo with a more maximum expression, Chestnut Overo with a more mid range expression)

Overo is a white marking that spreads from the center of the body.

It usually appears on the side of the barrel and spreads outwards to the "edges" of the body.
Overo rarely affects the legs, and tends to spread on the side of the leg closest to the belly.
Overo causes irregular spreading of face markings, and can create bald face or badger face markings.
Overo should have crisp edges, which may be smooth or jagged. Overo should not have holes within it's markings.

Notable Interactions:

• Tobiano: When Tobiano and Overo are both present, it is often colloquially known as 'Tovero'.
• ❗ Lethal White: Homozygous Overo (OO) and/or the combination of Overo and Ossuary (nO nOs) result in a fatal condition known as 'Lethal White Syndrome.'  If a breeding results in a foal with OO or nO nOs, that foal cannot be born. Slots and items will still be consumed, so plan your breedings with care!

Additional Notes:

• Badger Face: A distinctive marking that resembles a "reverse blaze" with the base coat showing on the front of the face and white on either side.
• Bald Face: A white marking that covers most or all of the face.

                       
Badger Face

                           
Bald Face

 

Overo's effects on:

• Coat Color: Overo is a white marking.
• Mane & Tail Color: Mane will be white where marking touches. Overo cannot touch the tail.
• Skin Color: Overo will turn skin light pink underneath the white marking.
• Eye Color: Overo can make the eyes blue, even if the marking does not touch them.
• Hoof color: Overo will turn hooves cream or light tan where touching.

Overo Range

Minimum Range:

Overo can be hidden entirely. Minimal expression will result in an irregular white marking somewhere on the barrel or neck of the horse.

Minimum Maximum out of range

Maximum Range:

Irregular white that spreads out from the belly. White markings should not touch the topline or "cross" the center of the horse anywhere but the belly.

Blanket is a white marking that expresses as a spotted patch of white on the horse's croup.
Blanket spots are randomly placed and vary in size, but in general should not be larger than the horse's hoof.
Blankets may be surrounded by patches of coat that are lightened (resembling Roan) or occasional spots darker than the base color (see examples below).

Genotype: nLp patn
Locus:  Blanket is part of the Leopard Complex group of patterns, along with Snowflake, Snowcap, Leopard, Varnish Roan, and Fewspot.

• Coat: Blanket is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: Typically unaffected, though white hair or white roots where touching are acceptable.
• Skin: May cause pink speckled skin.
• Eyes: Not affected.
• Hooves: May cause tan-striped hooves.

Range:

• Minimum: A spotted white patch visible on the top third of the hindquarters.
• Maximum: Spotted white that covers the hindquarters and barrel as far forward as the withers. May affect the legs in irregular strips/patches or cause irregular white markings. The base coat will show on the face, neck, chest, and shoulders.

Leopard is a white marking that covers the body, with the base coat showing through in a spotted pattern.
Spots are randomly placed but should affect the entire body and be visibly more numerous than Fewspot.
Spots vary in size, but in general should be about the size of the horse's eye and never larger than the horse's head.

Genotype: nLp patnpatn
Locus:  Leopard is part of the Leopard Complex group of patterns, along with Snowflake, Snowcap, Blanket, Varnish Roan, and Fewspot.

• Coat: Leopard is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: White except where touching spots. May create a gradient effect on the tail.
• Skin: May cause pink speckled skin; skin will be pink wherever white touches.
• Eyes: Not affected.
• Hooves: May cause tan-striped hooves.

Range:

• Minimum: A white coat with the base color showing through in sparse spots all over the body.
• Maximum: A white coat with the base color showing through in large, dense spots all over the body.

Snowcap is a white marking that expresses as a patch of white on the horse's croup.
Unlike Blanket, Snowcap is solid white, though there may be spots and speckles at its edges.

Genotype: LpLp patn
Locus:  Snowcap is part of the Leopard Complex group of patterns, along with Snowflake, Blanket, Leopard, Varnish Roan, and Fewspot.

• Coat: Snowcap is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: Not affected, mostly. White roots on the tail are acceptable.
• Skin: May cause pink speckled skin.
• Eyes: Not affected.
• Hooves: May cause tan-striped hooves.

Range:

• Minimum: A white patch visible on the top third of the hindquarters.
• Maximum: Patch of white that covers the barrel as far as the withers. Will not reach below the hocks on the hind legs, and will not affect the front legs at all. Has no effect on other white markings.

Varnish Roan is a white marking that covers the body in irregular, speckled white.
Unlike Roan, Varnish can appear anywhere on the horse and is irregular in density, often with patches of base coat showing through on the neck, cheeks, shoulders, and hindquarters.
Spots of base color can show through Varnish Roan in a pattern that resembles Blanket or Leopard.

Genotype: LpLp
Locus:  Varnish Roan is part of the Leopard Complex group of patterns, along with Snowflake, Snowcap, Blanket, Leopard and Fewspot.

• Coat: Varnish Roan is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: Not affected, mostly. White roots are acceptable.
• Skin: May cause pink speckled skin.
• Eyes: Not affected.
• Hooves: May cause tan-striped hooves.

Range:

• Minimum: A speckled white patch that covers the hindquarters and barrel, with irregular lightening and texture that differentiates it from Snowcap or Blanket.
• Maximum: A white "varnish" over the body that is patchy/speckled at the tops of the legs, the neck, the cheeks, and the top of the muzzle.  Speckles or spots of base coat may show through.

Fewspot is a white marking that covers the body, with the base coat barely showing through at all.
Only a small number of spots are possible, and should be mostly located on the hocks/knees, fetlocks, groin and elbow areas.
Color around the muzzle and eyes is possible. Spots should never be larger than the horse's eye.

Genotype: LpLp patnpatn
Locus:  Fewspot is part of the Leopard Complex group of patterns, along with Snowflake, Snowcap, Blanket, Leopard, and Varnish Roan.

• Coat: Fewspot is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: White except where touching spots. May create a gradient effect.
• Skin: May cause pink speckled skin.
• Eyes: Not affected.
• Hooves: May cause tan-striped hooves.

Range:

• Minimum: A white body with only a few small freckles of visible base color near the elbows or groin.
• Maximum: A white body with speckled color visible on the knees, hocks, groin and elbow areas, and near the eyes and muzzle, with a small number of freckles visible on the body.

(Images from left to right: Chestnut Sabino with a more minimal visual expression, Chestnut Sabino with a mid range expression, Chestnut Sabino with a maximum expression)

Sabino is a white marking that spreads from the underside of the body, specifically from three areas: the throat, the elbow area, and the stifle area.
Sabino has jagged, speckled edges.  Minimal Sabino has crisp, clear edges,
but higher-coverage Sabino causes Roan-like lightening and gradual edges.
As Sabino spreads, it remains more dense/extensive on the underside of the body.
Sabino causes irregular spreading of face markings, and can create bald face markings.

Additional Notes:

• Badger Face: A distinctive marking that resembles a "reverse blaze" with the base coat showing on the front of the face and white on either side.
• Bald Face: A white marking that covers most or all of the face.
• Gulastra Plume: A white or partially-white tail with no other white visible on the body.

Badger Face

Bald Face

Gulastra Plume

Sabino's effects on:

• Coat Color: Sabino is a white marking.
• Mane & Tail Color: Mane will be white where marking touches. Gradients or white roots are acceptable.
• Skin Color: Sabino will turn skin light pink underneath the white marking.
• Eye Color: Sabino does not affect the eye color.
• Hoof color: Sabino will turn hooves cream or light tan where touching.

Sabino Range

Minimum Range:

Sabino can be hidden entirely. Minimal expression will show in irregular white at the throat, elbow, and stifle.

Minimum Maximum out of range

Maximum Range:

Irregular white that spreads out from the throat, elbow, and stifle, with roaning and speckling around the edges. White cannot touch the ears.

(Images from left to right: Maximum Dominant White, Dominant White on Chestnut, Minimal Dominant White Expression)

Dominant White Range

Minimum Range:

White that spreads from the bottom of the body and has speckled, roan-like edges, similar to maximum Sabino.

Minimum Maximum out of range

Maximum Range:

A completely white coat, mane, and tail.

(Images from left to right: Chestnut Rabicano with a minimal visual expression, Chestnut Rabicano with a mid range expression, Chestnut Rabicano with a maximum expression)

Rabicano Range

Minimum Range:

White speckling near the groin/flank area.

Minimum Maximum out of range

Maximum Range:

White speckling from the middle of the hindquarters to the elbow. May not cross the topline.

(Images from left to right: Standard False Leopard on Chestnut, Symmetrical False Leopard on Chestnut, Blanched False Leopard on Chestnut)

False Leopard Range

Minimum Range:

Subtle lightening of the coat on one third of the barrel with visible "spots" cut out.

Minimum Maximum out of range

Maximum Range:

Bold whitening of the coat on the body with visible "spots" cut out.

Shroud is a symmetrical white marking that descends from the horse's spine, originating anywhere from poll to tail.
Shroud should not extend further than halfway down the neck or barrel.
Jagged edges and unnatural patterns and shapes are possible, but should not be so intricate as to resemble Filigree.
Cut-outs are common, but all parts of the marking should be connected -- Shroud will not cause free-floating white.
If Shroud only touches the top of the tailbone, it may cause only the top half of the tail to be white.

Genotype: Sh_
Locus:  Not shared with any known genes

• Coat: Shroud is a white marking.
• Mane and Tail: Mane will be white where marking touches.
• Skin: Pink underneath marking.
• Eyes: Can be blue despite the marking being unable to touch them
• Hooves: Shroud cannot touch the hooves.

Range:

• Minimum: A white marking that follows the horse's spine and is at least as long as the horse's head.
• Maximum: White covers the entire spine from poll to tail, and is solid from the top of the spine to the middle of the barrel/neck.